Plumeria rubra, the fragrant frangipani or champa, is a small deciduous tree prized for its intensely perfumed, waxy flowers in shades of red, pink, yellow and white. Spiral clusters of blooms top thick, sculptural branches from spring through monsoon, while the bold leaves drop in cooler months. Easy to grow and remarkably drought-tolerant once established, Plumeria thrives in Indian heat and sun, making it a favourite for temples, courtyards and large containers. Its sweet evening fragrance and tropical form bring instant character to gardens. Tolerant of poor soils and neglect, it rewards minimal care with abundant scented flowers.
Specifications
| Family |
Apocynaceae |
| Native region |
Central America and Mexico |
| Mature height |
3-6 m as tree |
| Mature spread |
3-5 m |
| Growth rate |
Moderate |
| Foliage |
Large, deciduous, drops in cool/dry season |
| Flower colour |
Red, pink, yellow, white and bicolours |
| Flower season |
Spring to monsoon (warm months) |
| Climate zone |
Tropical to subtropical |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full sun, 6+ hours daily for best flowering |
| Watering |
Water deeply but infrequently; let soil dry between |
| Soil / mix |
Sandy, fast-draining soil; avoid waterlogging |
| Temperature |
Loves 25-38°C; protect from frost |
| Humidity |
Tolerates low to moderate humidity |
| Fertilizer |
High-phosphorus bloom feed in growing season |
| Pruning |
Prune in late winter to shape and remove deadwood |
| Repotting |
Every 2-3 years; likes being slightly potbound |
| Propagation |
Easy from hardwood cuttings cured then rooted |
| Pests & problems |
Plumeria rust, spider mites and scale possible |
| Toxicity / safety |
Milky sap is toxic and irritates skin and eyes |
| Difficulty |
Easy |
Uses
A signature specimen for courtyards, temples and large pots, prized for fragrant flowers used in garlands and offerings. Its sculptural form adds tropical elegance to any landscape.
Growing tips
Across India, plant Plumeria in a hot, sunny spot with gritty, free-draining soil and reduce watering in winter when it goes dormant. Cuttings root readily after curing the cut end for a few days.