Henna (Lawsonia inermis), known as Mehndi, is a hardy, drought-tolerant shrub famed for the natural reddish-orange dye obtained from its leaves, used for body art and hair colouring. It bears small, fragrant cream-to-pink flowers and dense, glossy green foliage on spiny branches. Highly adaptable, it thrives in hot, dry regions and poor soils, making it perfect for low-maintenance hedges, screens and boundary plantings across India. Beyond its cultural and cosmetic value, the sweetly scented blooms attract pollinators. Tough, long-lived and easy to grow, henna is both an ornamental and an economically valuable crop shrub.
Specifications
| Family |
Lythraceae |
| Native region |
North Africa, West and South Asia |
| Mature height |
2-6 m |
| Mature spread |
1.5-3 m |
| Growth rate |
Moderate |
| Foliage |
Evergreen to semi-deciduous, small glossy green leaves |
| Flower colour |
Cream, white to pink |
| Flower season |
Summer to monsoon |
| Climate zone |
Tropical and subtropical, arid to semi-arid |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full sun |
| Watering |
Low; drought-tolerant once established |
| Soil / mix |
Well-drained sandy to loamy soil, tolerates poor soil |
| Temperature |
25-45°C; loves heat, protect young plants from frost |
| Humidity |
Low to moderate |
| Fertilizer |
Light feeding; compost once or twice a year |
| Pruning |
Trim to shape as a hedge; harvest leaves regularly |
| Repotting |
Repot containers every 2-3 years |
| Propagation |
Seeds and semi-hardwood cuttings |
| Pests & problems |
Generally pest-resistant; occasional aphids |
| Toxicity / safety |
Leaves safe for skin dye; non-edible |
| Difficulty |
Very easy |
Uses
Grown commercially for henna dye used in mehndi body art and hair colouring. Also valued as a tough, fragrant hedge and screen plant in dry regions.
Growing tips
Plant in full sun in well-drained soil; henna thrives in India's hot, arid plains with minimal water and rewards regular trimming with dense, dye-rich foliage.