Portulacaria afra, the Elephant Bush, is a hardy succulent shrub with reddish-brown stems and small, round, glossy green leaves. Native to South Africa, where elephants browse it, the leaves are edible with a pleasant tart taste. It is fast-growing, extremely drought-tolerant and forgiving, thriving in sun or bright shade. Easily pruned, it is popular for bonsai, hedging and lush mixed plantings, and a variegated form is also grown. It bushes up densely and roots readily from cuttings. Adaptable and almost foolproof, Elephant Bush is an excellent beginner succulent and a versatile green plant for Indian gardens, balconies and pots.
Specifications
| Family |
Didiereaceae |
| Native region |
South Africa |
| Mature height |
0.6-2 m in pots (taller in ground) |
| Mature spread |
0.6-1.5 m |
| Growth rate |
Fast |
| Foliage |
Small round glossy green leaves on red stems |
| Flower colour |
Pink (rare in cultivation) |
| Flower season |
Late spring (uncommon indoors) |
| Climate zone |
Tropical and subtropical (frost-free) |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full to bright sun; tolerates bright shade. |
| Watering |
Soak-and-dry; drought-tolerant, reduce in monsoon. |
| Soil / mix |
Well-draining succulent or general gritty mix. |
| Temperature |
Ideal 18-35C; protect below 5C. |
| Humidity |
Adaptable; prefers low to moderate. |
| Fertilizer |
Light balanced feed once or twice in growing season. |
| Pruning |
Prunes well; trim to shape, ideal for bonsai. |
| Repotting |
Every 1-2 years or as it grows. |
| Propagation |
Very easy from stem cuttings. |
| Pests & problems |
Mealybugs and whitefly; treat with neem oil. |
| Toxicity / safety |
Non-toxic; leaves are edible. |
| Difficulty |
Very easy |
Uses
Used for bonsai, hedging, ground cover, hanging pots and lush mixed succulent plantings. The tart leaves are edible and the variegated form is highly ornamental.
Growing tips
In India it grows vigorously in sun to bright shade; pinch and prune regularly to keep it dense, and ease back watering during the monsoon to avoid soft, weak growth.