Dahlia (Dahlia pinnata) is a spectacular tuberous-rooted plant grown for its large, intricate flowers that range from small pompons to dinner-plate giants. Blooms come in almost every colour except true blue, in forms from cactus and decorative to ball and waterlily. A cool-season star in India, it flowers profusely in winter and spring on upright bushy plants with divided green leaves, and makes a superb, long-lasting cut flower. Grown from tubers, it rewards rich, well-drained soil, full sun and staking for tall varieties. With deadheading and good feeding it produces an unmatched, colourful display for beds, borders and exhibition gardens.
Specifications
| Family |
Asteraceae |
| Native region |
Mexico and Central America |
| Mature height |
40-120 cm |
| Mature spread |
30-60 cm |
| Growth rate |
Moderate to fast |
| Foliage |
Divided mid- to dark-green leaves |
| Flower colour |
All colours except true blue |
| Flower season |
Winter to spring in India |
| Climate zone |
Temperate to subtropical |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full sun, at least 6 hours |
| Watering |
Keep evenly moist; avoid waterlogging tubers |
| Soil / mix |
Rich, well-drained loam with compost |
| Temperature |
Cool-season 15-26C ideal; frost-tender |
| Humidity |
Moderate with good airflow |
| Fertilizer |
Low-nitrogen, phosphorus-rich feed for blooms |
| Pruning |
Pinch early; deadhead regularly |
| Repotting |
Lift and store tubers after the season |
| Propagation |
Tuber division or basal cuttings |
| Pests & problems |
Aphids, thrips, slugs, snails and mildew |
| Toxicity / safety |
Mildly toxic to pets if eaten |
| Difficulty |
Moderate |
Uses
Grown for striking beds, borders, exhibition displays and long-lasting cut flowers. A favourite show plant for winter and spring gardens.
Growing tips
In India plant tubers in autumn for winter-spring bloom in full sun and rich soil; stake tall varieties, feed with a low-nitrogen fertilizer and deadhead often for an extended display.