Custard apple or sitaphal (Annona squamosa) is a small, hardy deciduous tree famed for its sweet, creamy, custard-like fruit segmented into soft white flesh. Exceptionally tolerant of heat, drought and poor soils, it thrives in India's dry and semi-arid regions with very little care, often growing semi-wild. It begins bearing within two to three years, producing heavily in late monsoon and autumn. The lobed greenish fruit and aromatic flesh are universally loved. Low-maintenance, pest-resistant and ideal for beginners, custard apple is one of the most forgiving and rewarding fruit trees for Indian home gardens.
Specifications
| Family |
Annonaceae |
| Native region |
Tropical America |
| Mature height |
3-6 m |
| Mature spread |
3-4 m |
| Growth rate |
Moderate |
| Foliage |
Deciduous, oblong pale green leaves |
| Flower colour |
Greenish-yellow |
| Flower season |
Spring to early monsoon |
| Climate zone |
Tropical and semi-arid subtropical |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full sun, 6+ hours daily |
| Watering |
Low to moderate; very drought tolerant |
| Soil / mix |
Well-drained loam or sandy soil; tolerates poor soil |
| Temperature |
20-38C; loves heat, dislikes hard frost |
| Humidity |
Low to moderate |
| Fertilizer |
Compost and light NPK twice a year |
| Pruning |
Prune lightly in winter to shape and renew growth |
| Repotting |
Repot young container plants every 2-3 years |
| Propagation |
Seed or grafting for selected types |
| Pests & problems |
Mealybug, fruit borer; generally pest-hardy; use neem |
| Toxicity / safety |
Fruit edible; seeds and bark toxic if ingested |
| Difficulty |
Easy |
Uses
<p>Grown for sweet creamy fruit eaten fresh or in desserts and shakes. A drought-hardy choice for dry-region gardens and a useful pollinator-attracting tree.</p>
Growing tips
<p>In India, custard apple thrives in hot dry areas and fruits after the monsoon; hand-pollinate flowers in the early morning to improve fruit set, and avoid waterlogging which the tree strongly dislikes.</p>