The Cannonball Tree (Couroupita guianensis) is a dramatic tropical tree grown for its extraordinary flowers and fruit. Borne directly on long woody stalks along the trunk, the waxy flowers are a rich orange-pink with a hooded central structure that many associate with a serpent over a Shiva lingam, lending it deep religious significance in India. The blooms are intensely fragrant, especially at night. Large, hard, brown spherical fruits the size of cannonballs hang from the trunk. A striking specimen for temple grounds, parks and botanical gardens in warm, frost-free regions.
Specifications
| Family |
Lecythidaceae |
| Native region |
Tropical South America |
| Mature height |
15-25 m |
| Mature spread |
8-12 m |
| Growth rate |
Moderate |
| Foliage |
Semi-evergreen, large clustered leaves |
| Flower colour |
Orange-pink to red |
| Flower season |
Mostly warm months; nearly year-round in tropics |
| Climate zone |
Tropical |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full sun |
| Watering |
Regular; keep moist, especially when young |
| Soil / mix |
Deep, fertile, well-drained soil |
| Temperature |
Thrives in 22-38C; strictly frost-tender |
| Humidity |
Prefers high humidity |
| Fertilizer |
Organic manure and balanced feed periodically |
| Pruning |
Minimal; avoid removing trunk flower stalks |
| Repotting |
Grow in ground; not a pot plant |
| Propagation |
Seeds; cuttings less reliable |
| Pests & problems |
Generally hardy; occasional scale |
| Toxicity / safety |
Fruit pulp unpleasant; treat as non-edible |
| Difficulty |
Moderate |
Uses
Planted as a sacred and ornamental specimen tree in temple grounds, parks and botanical gardens; flowers are offered in worship and the tree is prized as a botanical curiosity.
Growing tips
Grow only in warm, frost-free parts of India in deep fertile soil with regular watering and high humidity. Keep the heavy cannonball fruits in mind and avoid planting over paths, seating or play areas.