Breadfruit is a fast-growing tropical tree from the Pacific islands, valued for its large, round, starchy fruit that is cooked like a vegetable or potato. The handsome tree has big, glossy, deeply lobed leaves and a spreading canopy that gives good shade. The fruit is eaten boiled, roasted, fried or made into chips and flour, while fully ripe fruit turns sweet. Breadfruit thrives in hot, humid coastal regions and grows well in Kerala, coastal Karnataka and the islands. It needs a warm, frost-free climate, deep fertile soil and steady moisture to crop reliably and abundantly.
Specifications
| Family |
Moraceae |
| Native region |
New Guinea and the Pacific islands |
| Mature height |
12-20 m |
| Mature spread |
8-12 m |
| Growth rate |
Fast |
| Foliage |
Large glossy deeply-lobed evergreen leaves |
| Flower colour |
Greenish-yellow (small, clustered) |
| Flower season |
Warm season, variable |
| Climate zone |
Humid tropical lowland |
Care guide
| Sunlight |
Full sun |
| Watering |
Regular and generous; keep soil moist, no waterlogging |
| Soil / mix |
Deep, fertile, well-drained loam or sandy loam |
| Temperature |
Warm 21-35C; very frost-sensitive |
| Humidity |
High humidity preferred |
| Fertilizer |
Organic manure plus balanced NPK in growing season |
| Pruning |
Light; remove dead or crossing branches |
| Repotting |
Pot young plants up yearly until field planting |
| Propagation |
Root cuttings, root suckers, air-layering |
| Pests & problems |
Mealybugs, fruit flies, scale |
| Toxicity / safety |
Non-toxic; fruit must be cooked before eating |
| Difficulty |
Easy in tropics |
Uses
Mature fruit is cooked as a starchy vegetable, fried into chips or ground to flour; ripe fruit is eaten sweet and the tree gives shade.
Growing tips
Grow in warm, humid coastal belts like Kerala and the Konkan with deep soil and steady moisture; protect young trees from cold and dry winds.